Coffee is the seed of a berry from a tree, which grows in a narrow sub-tropical belt. Coffee comes from the Latin form of the genus Coffea. Coffee in Turkish is pronounced “kahveh”, the name of the infusion or beverage; said by Arab lexicographers to have originally meant “wine” or some kind of wine, and to origin from the verb translated as “to have no appetite”.

Coffee is a tropical plant, which grows between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn. It requires very specific environmental conditions: temperature, rainfall, sunlight, wind and soils, good drainage and mineral content.

Cultivation of coffee trees begins with planting the seeds in soil and then seeds are kept in green houses for 9 to 18 months, until they reach a height up to 18 inches. After that young plants are transplanted to permanent groves. It takes a year for the plant to reach just 30 centimeters tall. After four years they reach maturity.

Coffee plants bear fruit in lines along their branches. The fruit turns red like a cherry and it is time to be harvested. Coffee trees are traditionally grown in a compatible way nearby, to keep the coffee trees and developing fruit from the sun. The modern techniques use irrigation systems and fertilizers. Small forest clearings are the best place to grow coffee.

There are about 20 major species within Coffea, but the typical coffee beverage is likely to be familiar with just two: Coffea Arabica and Coffea Robusta. Arabica is autogamous, that is to say, capable of fertilizing itself, whereas Robusta is allogamous.